Abstract
SUMMARYThe effects of cultivars and environment on phenolic composition were analysed in a 7-year experiment comprising 18 grape cultivars (10 red, 8 white) in Spain. A total of 37 flavonoids (14 anthocyanins in red cultivars; 14 flavonols and 9 dihydroflavonols in white cultivars) were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Significant differences between years were observed for most of the compounds (11 of the 14) studied in red cultivars and seven compounds in white cultivars. A significant year×cultivar interaction was observed for some of the flavonoids studied. All the phenolic compounds determined showed significant differences among grape cultivars. A high coefficient of variation was found for five flavonoid compounds: dihydroquercetin-3-glycoide, dihydrokaempferol-3-glycoside, kaempferol-3-glycoside, quercetin-3-glucoside and kaempferol-3-rhamnoside. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the variation observed in the phenolic compounds identified four relatively compact groups for the white and red grape cultivars. It was found that the variation of the phenolic composition among years for white grape cultivars was higher than for red cultivars. Stable profiles between years were found for Sousón, Garnacha, Caiño Tinto and Verdejo Negro. These results also indicate that the effect of year on grape phenolic composition was less than that of cultivar.
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