Environmental and disease monitoring in the northern aquaculture area

Abstract

Aquaculture is facing many challenges related to diseases and environmental pollution. Environmental and disease monitoring in aquaculture is to help authorities in planning and management, and to provide technical measures to support farmers. The study was carried out from January to October 2020, including 13 sites of supply water of brackish water shrimp farming areas of Nam Dinh, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, and Thua Thien Hue; 11 sites of clam/mollusc farming areas of Thai Binh, Thanh Hoa, and Quang Ninh; 11 sites of cage aquaculture of Hoa Binh, Yen Bai, and Hai Duong, with 23 monitoring times of the inlet water for brackish shrimp, 7 monitoring times for tilapia and freshwater cage culture. Alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite, total Vibrio, and VpAHPND values in shrimp farming water were higher than Vietnam’s environmental standard, valued at 12.37, 25.08, 16.67, 3.68, and 0.67% respectively. Salinity, ammonia, nitrite values, and total Vibrio in the mollusc farming water were higher than Vietnam’s environmental standard, which were 23.38, 33.77, 32.50, and 3.9%, respectively. Chemical oxygen demand and nitrite in the tilapia and freshwater cage farming water were higher than Vietnam’s environmental standard, which were 29.87 and 22.08%, respectively. Timely recommendations and warnings helped farmers minimise the damage caused by environmental pollution and diseases.