Environmental and demographic threats to Canadian security

Abstract

Using several case studies, this article maintains that environmental scarcity promotes conflict at the sub‐national level and may promote international conflict. While these conflicts occur primarily in the developing world, they have various implications for Canada, including refugee flows and climatic change, in addition to the present depletion of fisheries. The author concludes by suggesting changes in several areas of Canadian policy; such as compliance with international environmental agreements, population control, and the prominent role currently accorded to non‐governmental organizations in development assistance.