Abstract
Several environmental and chemical factors affected rubber accumulation in guayule ( Parthenium argentatum) tissue cultures. Light increased rubber yields in callus and shoot cultures by 50 and 450% respectively. The M r of rubber in light-grown callus increased by 60%. Daily periods of incubating callus at 4° increased rubber yield by 70% after five weeks. Increasing sucrose levels up to 7% in the medium stimulated rubber synthesis, but higher levels were inhibitory. Osmotic stress significantly inhibited both rubber production and growth. Rubber production in callus was highest when the content of NO 3 − in culture medium was 30 mol% of total N when compared to NH 4 +. Two previously reported stimulators of rubber production in whole plants, acetate and DCPTA, also enhanced the levels of rubber in callus cultures.
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