Environmental and biological measurements of isoflurane and sevoflurane in operating room personnel.

Abstract

The present study aimed to compare the concentration of isoflurane and sevoflurane in the individual's breathing zone and ambient air of operating rooms (ORs), to investigate the correlation between breathing zone levels and urinary concentrations, and to evaluate the ORs pollution in the different working hours and weeks. Environmental and biological concentrations of isoflurane and sevoflurane were evaluated at 9ORs. Air samples were collected by active sampling method and urine samples were collected from each subject at the end of the work shift. All samples were analyzed using gas chromatography. The geometric mean ± GSD concentration of isoflurane and sevoflurane in breathing zone air were 1.41 ± 2.27 and 0.005 ± 1.74ppm, respectively, while in post-shift urine were 2.42 ± 2.86 and 0.006 ± 3.83µg/lurine, respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between the urinary and environmental concentration of isoflurane (r 2 = 0.724, P < 0.0001). The geometric mean ± GSD values of isoflurane and sevoflurane in ambient air were 2.30 ± 2.43 and 0.004 ± 1.56ppm, respectively. The isoflurane concentration was different for three studied weeks and significantly increased over time in the ambient air of ORs. The occupational exposure of OR personnel to isoflurane and sevoflurane was lower than national recommended exposure limits. The urinary isoflurane could be a good internal dose biomarker for monitoring of occupational isoflurane exposure. Considering the accumulation of anesthetic waste gases in the studied ORs, real-time air monitoring is better to be done at the end of the work shift.