Entropy with Local Binary Patterns for Efficient Iris Liveness Detection

Abstract

Iris anti-spoofing is one of the most important topics, in which the development is increasing rapidly. This paper introduces an efficient system for detecting iris attacks. The system avoids the segmentation and the normalization stages employed traditionally in fake detection systems. Wavelet packets (WPs) are used to decompose the original image into wavelet approximation and detail channels. Entropy values are extracted from the wavelet channels, and also from the local binary pattern (LBP) images of the channels. These features are used for discriminating between real and fake iris images. Support vector machines are used for the classification purpose. The aim is to contribute for improved classification accuracy with less computational complexity and reduced processing time. Entropy of the WP channels gives 99.9237% classification accuracy, and the entropy of the LBP images yields 99.781%, using ATVS-FIr-DB. Fusion of these features yields 100% classification accuracy. Entropy of the wavelet channels is sufficient to obtain 100% accuracy using CASIA-Iris-Syn database, without fusion. All images in both databases are used, without the need to discard images with unsuccessful segmentation. Segmented images from both databases are used for comparison. Results show that more discriminative features can be obtained using the proposed algorithm. System complexity and processing time are reduced noticeably, and the system is robust to different types of fakes.