Entropy generation optimization in an unsteady hybrid nanofluid flow between two rotating disks: a numerical bioconvection model

Abstract

In the context of bioconvection, bacteria are swimming microorganisms. Actually, a microorganism’s species is related to a focused swimming cell in the convection model. Unsteady chemically reactive (Water–Copper ()–Ferrous Oxide ()) hybrid nanofluid dynamics between two stretchable rotating disks at varied Lorentz force and viscous dissipation are unknown when the suspension of gyrotactic micro-organisms is taken into account. The paper’s novelty is addressing this gap, which is to examine the impact of chemical reactions on the unsteady bioconvective hybrid nanofluid flow between two stretchable rotating disks with viscous dissipation and the magnetic field. The use of Von-Karman similarity transformations allows for the conversion of governing equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Based on the combination of Runge–Kutta fourth order and shooting methods, the final equations are calculated. A major finding of this study is Reynolds number escalates both axial and radial velocities but decreases the tangential velocity. The temperature increases with the rise in both Eckert number and heat source parameters. The concentration decreases with the rise in Schmidt number and chemical reaction parameter.