Abstract
This article addresses the entropy generation in mixed convection magnetohydrodynamics Eyring–Powell nanofluid flow toward a permeable surface of a cylinder. The flow is modeled considering heat generation and chemical reaction aspects. The influence of buoyancy forces, magnetic field, and thermal radiation is also considered. Moreover, activation energy, viscous dissipation, and permeability effects on bio-nanofluid flow are assimilated in modeling of concentration and energy relations. Total entropy generation is modeled in view of the second thermodynamics law. The governing system of PDEs is deduced by incorporating boundary layer assumptions. Relevant transformations are used to reduce the dimensional flow model into a non-dimensional one. The built-in shooting technique and the NDSolve code in Mathematica software are used to handle the dimensionless flow expressions. Variation in velocity, temperature, concentration, motile micro-organisms, Bejan number, and entropy generation with respect to the involved parameters is scrutinized graphically. Surface drag force, heat transfer rate, mass transfer rate, and density number are further calculated and investigated. Important results are summarized at the end.
Highlights
The notion of nanofluid was first introduced by Choi1 after accomplishing experimental investigations on different nanoparticles
Little attention has been paid toward the Eyring–Powell fluid model because it is very complex in nature; it has some advantages over other non-Newtonian fluid models
Motivated by the aforementioned literature, the prime intension of this study is to investigate entropy generation in mixed convection bio-convective flow of Eyring–Powell nanoliquid
Summary
The notion of nanofluid was first introduced by Choi after accomplishing experimental investigations on different nanoparticles. Different physical models of non-Newtonian fluids have been proposed to study heat and mass transfer. Little attention has been paid toward the Eyring–Powell fluid model because it is very complex in nature; it has some advantages over other non-Newtonian fluid models It is deduced from the kinetic theory of fluid instead of the empirical relation. Chu et al. used the Buongiorno model to explore the flow features of bioconvective liquid in accordance with activation energy and uniform heat flux. Some recent useful investigations on the impact of activation energy on non-Newtonian liquids are listed in Refs. Features of Maxwell liquid with suspended nanoparticles and micro-organisms subject to activation energy were explored by Waqas et al.. The total entropy generation rate is modeled in view of the second thermodynamics law
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