Abstract
Chemical reaction in mixed convection magnetohydrodynamic second grade nanoliquid thin film flow through a porous medium containing nanoparticles and gyrotactic microorganisms is considered with entropy generation. The stratification phenomena, heat and mass transfer simultaneously take place within system. Microorganisms are utilized to stabilize the suspended nanoparticles through bioconvection. For the chemical reaction of species, the mass transfer increases. The governing equations of the problem are transformed to nonlinear differential equations through similarity variables, which are solved through a well known scheme called homotopy analysis method. The solution is expressed through graphs and illustrations which show the influences of all the parameters. The residual error graphs elucidate the authentication of the present work.
Highlights
Entropy is a thermodynamic quantity representing the unavailability of a system’s thermal energy for conversion into mechanical work, often interpreted as the degree of disorder or randomness in the system
It is assumed that the microorganisms have constant distributions on the wall
It is most important to note that the base fluid is water so that the microorganisms can survive
Summary
Entropy is a thermodynamic quantity representing the unavailability of a system’s thermal energy for conversion into mechanical work, often interpreted as the degree of disorder or randomness in the system. Entropy generation is an important part of the mechanical system. In the context of the present situation, irreversibility (entropy generation) is reliant to heat transmission, viscous dissipation and effects of magnetic field as well as diffusion. Irreversibility is studied with a sharp rate. The present study discusses bioconvection and chemical reaction. Mixed convection has several applications including heat dismissal into the atmosphere like lakes, rivers and seas. It is utilized in the storage of thermal energy like
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