Abstract
The present study explores the entropy generation, flow, and heat transfer characteristics of a dissipative nanofluid in the presence of transpiration effects at the boundary. The non-isothermal boundary conditions are taken into consideration to guarantee self-similar solutions. The electrically conducting nanofluid flow is influenced by a magnetic field of constant strength. The ultrafine particles (nanoparticles of Fe3O4/CuO) are dispersed in the technological fluid water (H2O). Both the base fluid and the nanofluid have the same bulk velocity and are assumed to be in thermal equilibrium. Tiwari and Dass’s idea is used for the mathematical modeling of the problem. Furthermore, the ultrafine particles are supposed to be spherical, and Maxwell Garnett’s model is used for the effective thermal conductivity of the nanofluid. Closed-form solutions are derived for boundary layer momentum and energy equations. These solutions are then utilized to access the entropy generation and the irreversibility parameter. The relative importance of different sources of entropy generation in the boundary layer is discussed through various graphs. The effects of space free physical parameters such as mass suction parameter (S), viscous dissipation parameter (Ec), magnetic heating parameter (M), and solid volume fraction (ϕ) of the ultrafine particles on the velocity, Bejan number, temperature, and entropy generation are elaborated through various graphs. It is found that the parabolic wall temperature facilitates similarity transformations so that self-similar equations can be achieved in the presence of viscous dissipation. It is observed that the entropy generation number is an increasing function of the Eckert number and solid volume fraction. The entropy production rate in the Fe3O4−H2O nanofluid is higher than that in the CuO−H2O nanofluid under the same circumstances.
Highlights
The Navier-Stokes equations, which are second-order nonlinear partial differential equations, govern the viscous fluid–fluid flow
The decrement in motion is seen for both Fe3 O4 − H2 O and CuO − H2 O
We investigated flow, heat transfer, and entropy production in a dissipative nanofluid flow under the influence of a magnetic field
Summary
The Navier-Stokes equations, which are second-order nonlinear partial differential equations, govern the viscous fluid–fluid flow. The exact solution of the complete Navier–Stokes equations has not yet been computed. Closed-form solutions can be established in certain physical circumstances under reasonable suppositions [1–5]. Exact solutions are important since such solutions can be utilized to validate asymptotic analytical and numerical solutions. Crane [6] found the closed-form solution of the simplified Navier-Stokes equations under the boundary layer approximations to analyze the flow. Energies 2020, 13, 5506 over a stretched surface. Some researchers determined the closed-form solutions of boundary layer flow after the pioneering work of Crane with various physical conditions [7–11]
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