Entropy generation during peristaltically flowing nanofluid in an axisymmetric channel with flexible walls

Abstract

This study investigates the entropy generation analysis of creeping viscous nanofluid flow influenced by metachronical waves in a horizontal ciliated tube containing porous medium along inclined magnetic field. Water based silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanofluid is studied with an effects of various shaped nanoparticles. Hamilton–Crosser model is considered for the effective thermal conductivity of the nanofluids. One of the way to increase heat transfer is to employ porous medium with nanofluid. Moreover, impact of Joule heating, viscous dissipation and internal heat source is also taken into the consideration in the heat transfer mechanism. Mathematical formulation has been completed, which results into a set of ordinary differential equations. Exact solutions in the closed form have been computed for the momentum, pressure gradient and energy profiles respectively. The impact of Darcy phenomena with emerging flow parameters are graphed for pure and diluted water on velocity profile. Three dimensional bar graphs are also designed to show the variation of local Nusselt number in order to measure the rate of heat transfer. It is seen that an increasing magnitude of Hartmann number reduces the flow velocity. Further, maximum entropy is seen at the bottom of the axisymmetric channel and least near the ciliated walls.