Abstract
This paper investigates the entropy generation and natural convection inside a C-shaped cavity filled with CuO-water nanofluid and subjected to a uniform magnetic field. The Brownian motion effect is considered in predicting the nanofluid properties. The governing equations are solved using the finite volume method with the SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equations) algorithm. The studied parameters are the Rayleigh number (1000 ≤ Ra ≤ 15,000), Hartman number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 45), nanofluid volume fraction (0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.06), and the cavity aspect ratio (0.1 ≤ AR ≤ 0.7). The results have shown that the nanoparticles volume fraction enhances the natural convection but undesirably increases the entropy generation rate. It is also found that the applied magnetic field can suppress both the natural convection and the entropy generation rate, where for Ra = 1000 and φ = 0.04, the percentage reductions in total entropy generation decreases from 96.27% to 48.17% for Ha = 45 compared to zero magnetic field when the aspect ratio is increased from 0.1 to 0.7. The results of performance criterion have shown that the nanoparticles addition can be useful if a compromised magnetic field value represented by a Hartman number of 30 is applied.
Highlights
Nowadays, energy saving and environmental agencies strictly recommend energy conservation in order to save what remains of energy sources of the world and to reduce pollution
Al-Zamily [40] investigated numerically the effect of constant magnetic field on natural convection in a semi-circular enclosure filled with Cu-water nanofluid with the present of heat flux
The results are gathered by inspecting the effects of Rayliegh number 1000 ď Ra ď 15,000, Hartman number 0 ď Ha ď 45, nanoparticles volume fraction 0 ď φ ď 0.06 and cavity aspect ratio 0.1 ď AR ď 0.7 on the flow, thermal, and entropy generation fields and are presented in the following subsections
Summary
Energy saving and environmental agencies strictly recommend energy conservation in order to save what remains of energy sources of the world and to reduce pollution. Cho et al [26] studied the heat transfer performance and entropy generation of natural convection in a nanofluid-filled U-shaped cavity. Kefayati [30] analyzed the heat transfer and entropy generation on laminar natural convection of non-Newtonian nanofluids in the presence of an external horizontal magnetic field in a square cavity. Ismael et al [32] studied the entropy generation due to conjugate natural convection conduction heat transfer in a square domain under steady-state condition They proposed a new criterion for assessment of the thermal performance. Al-Zamily [40] investigated numerically the effect of constant magnetic field on natural convection in a semi-circular enclosure filled with Cu-water nanofluid with the present of heat flux. It is believed that this study will contribute to improving the thermal performance of electronic chip cooling systems
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