Entropy current and entropy production in relativistic spin hydrodynamics

Abstract

We use a first-principle quantum-statistical method to derive the expression of the entropy production rate in relativistic spin hydrodynamics. We show that the entropy current is not uniquely defined and can be changed by means of entropy-gauge transformations, similarly as the stress-energy tensor and the spin tensor can be changed with pseudo-gauge transformations. We show that the local thermodynamic relations, which are admittedly educated guesses in relativistic spin hydrodynamics inspired by those at global thermodynamic equilibrium, do not hold in general and they are also non-invariant under entropy-gauge transformations. Notwithstanding, we show that the entropy production rate is independent of those transformations and we provide a universally applicable expression, extending that known in literature, from which the dissipative parts of the energy momentum and spin tensors can be inferred.