Abstract
Individual houses with high risks of dengue virus (DENV) transmission might be a source of virus transmission within the neighborhood. We conducted an entomological risk assessment for DENV transmission at the household level, comprising family cohort members residing in the same location, to assess the risk for dengue virus transmitted by mosquito vectors. The studies were conducted in Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand, during 2016–2020. Entomological investigations were performed in 35 cohort families on day 1 and day 14 after receiving dengue case reports. DENV was found in 22 Aedes samples (4.9%) out of 451 tested samples. A significantly higher DENV infection rate was detected in vectors collected on day 1 (6.64%) compared to those collected on day 14 (1.82%). Annual vector surveillance was carried out in 732 houses, with 1002 traps catching 3653 Aedes females. The majority of the 13,228 water containers examined were made from plastic and clay, with used tires serving as a primary container, with 59.55% larval abundance. Larval indices, as indicators of dengue epidemics and to evaluate disease and vector control approaches, were calculated. As a result, high values of larval indices indicated the considerably high risk of dengue transmission in these communities.
Highlights
Dengue fever is one of the most serious public health threats to humans [1]
To determine the risk of dengue virus (DENV) transmission between mosquito vectors and different family members with different pre-exposure histories, we looked at the DENV infection rate in Aedes adults from the Kamphaeng Phet (KPP) family cohort study, as well as the infestation of Aedes larvae in all water-holding containers that serve as potential breeding sites of dengue vectors in KPP
The positive detection of DENV in Ae. aegypti mosquitoes collected from houses associated with dengue cases has significant relevance for public health and vector control measures in DENV transmission areas
Summary
Dengue fever is one of the most serious public health threats to humans [1]. The frequency and magnitude of dengue epidemics have increased dramatically as dengue virus (DENV) and the mosquito vectors have both expanded geographically in tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world [3]; as a result, more than 3.9 billion people in over 129 countries are at risk, with an estimated 96 million symptomatic cases and an estimated 40,000 deaths each year [4]. DENV is found in almost every urban and peri-urban area in the tropics and subtropics where mosquito vectors exist. In 2020, Thailand's Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) reported 50,670 (DF), 20,908 (DHF), and 552 (DSS) cases across all provinces [5]
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