Abstract
.A dengue outbreak occurred on Hawaii Island between September 2015 and March 2016. Entomological investigations were undertaken between December 2015 and February 2016 to determine which Aedes mosquito species were responsible for the outbreak. A total of 3,259 mosquitoes were collected using a combination of CDC autocidal gravid ovitraps, Biogents BG-Sentinel traps, and hand-nets; immature mosquitoes were collected during environmental surveys. The composition of species was Aedes albopictus (58%), Aedes aegypti (25%), Wyeomyia mitchelli (7%), Aedes vexans (5%), Culex quinquefasciatus (4%), and Aedes japonicus (1%). Adult mosquitoes were analyzed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of dengue virus (DENV) RNA. Of the 185 pools of female mosquitoes tested, 15 containing Ae. albopictus were positive for the presence of DENV type 1 RNA. No virus was detected in pools of the remaining species. Phylogenetic analysis showed the virus strain belonged to genotype I and was closely related to strains that were circulating in the Pacific between 2008 and 2014. This is the first report of detection of DENV in Ae. albopictus from Hawaii.
Highlights
Hawaii State Department of Health, Honolulu, Hawaii; 2Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue
Most of the mosquito trapping occurred on the western side of Hawaii Island, between Kona and Milolii, and additional collections were conducted in Waipio, Oceanview, Hilo, and Puna (Figure 1, Table 1)
Aedes albopictus was collected at all 15 sampled sites and was the only or most abundant species at 12 of the sites, whereas Ae. aegypti was found at five sites and was most abundant on the southwest side of Hawaii Island near the Milolii and Oceanview sites (Figure 1)
Summary
Mean female captures (autocidal gravid ovitrap [AGO], trap-week; BG-Sentinel [BG] trap-day), number of pools tested, pools positive for dengue virus (DENV) RNA, and DENV infection rates from three sampling sites in Hawaii Island using AGOs and Biogents BG traps without carbon dioxide for 14 trap-nights between December 2015 and February 2016 During the 2015–16 DENV outbreak on Hawaii Island, Ae. albopictus was found at all sampled sites where laboratoryconfirmed case-patients resided, and RNA of DENV-1 was detected by RT-PCR from pools of Ae. albopictus collected at
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