Enterovirus D68 Subclade B3 Circulation in Senegal, 2016: Detection from Influenza-like Illness and Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance

Amary Fall,Mamadou Aliou Barry,Davy Evrard Kiori,Mohamed Dia,Sara Sy,Déborah Goudiaby,Mbayame Ndiaye Niang,Ousmane Kebe,Ndack Ndiaye,Mamadou Malado Jallow,Ndongo Dia,Cheikh Saad Bou Touré,Kader Ndiaye

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50470-z

Amary Fall, Mamadou Aliou Barry + Show 11 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50470-z

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Journal: Scientific Reports	Publication Date: Sep 25, 2019
Citations: 16	License type: open-access

Affiliation: Institut Pasteur de Dakar

Abstract

Following the 2014 outbreak, active surveillance of the EV-D68 has been implemented in many countries worldwide. Despite subsequent EV-D68 outbreaks (2014 and 2016) reported in many areas, EV-D68 circulation remains largely unexplored in Africa except in Senegal, where low levels of EV-D68 circulation were first noted during the 2014 outbreak. Here we investigate subsequent epidemiology of EV-D68 in Senegal from June to September 2016 by screening respiratory specimens from ILI and stool from AFP surveillance. EV-D68 was detected in 7.4% (44/596) of patients; 40 with ILI and 4 with AFP. EV-D68 detection was significantly more common in children under 5 years (56.8%, p = 0.016). All EV-D68 strains detected belonged to the newly defined subclade B3. This study provides the first evidence of EV-D68 B3 subclade circulation in Africa from patients with ILI and AFP during a 2016 outbreak in Senegal. Enhanced surveillance of EV-D68 is needed to better understand the epidemiology of EV-D68 in Africa.

Highlights

After the 2014 outbreak, active surveillance of the EV-D68 was implemented in many countries in Asia, Europe and America
From June to September 2016, 537 nasopharyngeal swabs from patients with ILI and 59 fecal specimens from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) patients were screened for EV-D68 (Table 1)
EV-D68 was detected in 7.4% (44/596) of patients: 7.5% (40/537) of ILI cases and 6.8% (4/59) of AFP cases

Summary

Introduction

After the 2014 outbreak, active surveillance of the EV-D68 was implemented in many countries in Asia, Europe and America. This surveillance has demonstrated continued circulation of the EV-D68 and associated AFM detected outbreaks in the United States[9,10], France[11], Spain[12], Netherlands[13], Denmark[14], Sweden[15], Taiwan[16] and Italy[17]. EV-D68 has not been previously reported in association with AFP or AFM cases in Africa, despite previous studies conducted in Gambia, Senegal[19], Kenya[20,21] and South Africa[22,23].

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