Abstract
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a major causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and herpangina. Moreover, EV-A71 infection can lead to neurological complications and death. Vaccination is the most efficient way to control virus infection. There are currently three inactivated, whole EV-A71 vaccines licensed by the China NMPA (National Medical Products Administration). Several other types of vaccines, such as virus-like particles and recombinant VP1 (capsid protein), are also under development. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the development of EV-A71 vaccines.
Highlights
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is one of the most important neurotropic viruses and poses a serious threat to public health worldwide
We summarize the tive countermeasure against EV-A71 infection and epidemic
The study results showed that the Sinovac vaccine demonstrated the long-term persistence of immunogenicity within five years [24]
Summary
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is one of the most important neurotropic viruses and poses a serious threat to public health worldwide. Genotype B is divided into subgenotypes B1 to B5. Genotype C is divided into subgenotypes C1 to C5, and C4 is further divided into C4 a and C4 b. Subgenotypes B3, B4, C1, and C2 co-circulated in the Asia–Pacific region from 1999 to 2016. C4 is the most prevalent genotype circulating in China; C1 and C2 are most prevalent in Europe while B4 and B5 are most prevalent in other regions [6,7,8]. The viral genome within its icosahedral capsid is flanked by highly structured 50 and 30 untranslated regions (UTR) and is polyadenylated at its 30 end.
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