Enterovesical fistulas secondary to Crohn’s disease:medical versus surgical therapies

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of medical therapies, especially infliximab, to induce remission of enteric fistulas in Crohn's disease (CD). Similarly to CD, chronic transmural inflammation of the bowel, diverticulitis and other pathologies may predispose to the development of fistulas. The risk of fistulization secondary to CD ranges from 17% to 80%. We focused on enterovesical fistulas, which statistically represent 10% of all fistulas secondary to CD. MATERIAL AND METHODS. In this study we decided to implement a therapeutic program with infliximab 5 mg/kg associated with steroids, which proved to be the most effective method of treatment. From January 2003 to March 2005, we studied 4 patients with CD and enterovesical fistulas. All patients underwent NMR, colonoscopy and cystoscopy combined with fistulography; a therapeutic strategy with cortisone, mesalazine, nutritional therapy and infliximab was established. RESULTS. No regression was observed; therefore, all the four patients underwent surgery with complete remission of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS. Data reported in literature and the evidence from our experience seem to be contradictory; we concluded therefore that it is mandatory to consider different therapeutic approaches, according to the fistulizing pathways, to such a complex disease, and to formulate some hypothesis that might explain why this treatment was unsuccessful in our patients.