Abstract
Chromium galvanic production have leaded to biosphere pollution. Therefore advisable to study of role in the neurodegenerative development in retinal diseases under experimental conditions. The aim is to study the Enterosgel effect on morphological changes in rats retina with Cr(VI) – induced retinopathy. Materials and methods. An experimental study had carried out on 72 outbred white male rats. The rats had divided into 3 groups: I – control group of intact rats (n = 24). Control rats were received drinking water, II group – rats (n = 24), were received drinking water with Cr (VI) (K2Cr2O7) – 0.02 mol/L, III group – animals (n = 24) were received drinking water with K2Cr2O7– 0.02 mol/L and hydrogel methylsilicic acid (Enterosgel) at a dose of 0.8 mg/kg per day as a corrector. The animals had been decapitated under ether anesthesia. The retina had been studied on days 20, 40 and 60 of the experiment. Morphologically and morphometrically they had analyzed. Results. According to histological studies, it has proved that Cr (VI) causes dystrophic and degenerative changes in all rats retina layers. They increase as the duration of the experiment. The use of Enterosgel as a corrective therapy showed positive results in restoring the morphological structure of rats retina. After Enterosgel 20 days using as a corrector of Cr (VI) exposure, there is a barely noticeable swelling of the outer and inner nuclear layers. Other layers of the retina, morphologically, look undamaged. Forty days Enterosgel treatment have outer and inner nuclear layer edema of retina of animals persists but does not increase. It is easy noticeable swelling of the outer and inner layers of mesh, but no signs of damage processes of cell populations nuclear layers. State ganglionic layer and nerve fiber layer entirely satisfactory. These pathological changes are not critical. After 60 days from the beginning of loading of Cr (VI) and application of Enterosgel in the retina of rats there are initial degenerative changes in the photosensory layer. Cystic dilated outer segments of rods and cones were visible throughout, and areas of their fragmentation were observed. Ganglion neurons are not damaged, but their axons appear somewhat thickened and fluffy. But in general, the typical structure of the retina is preserved. Conclusions. Chromium-induced toxicity in rats is characterized by pronounced histological and morphometric changes and retinal thickness, which appear after 20 days, increase by 40 days and acquire maximum transformations after 60 days of the experiment. The use of Enterosgel improves picture morphological structures of the retina in rats under the influence of Cr (VI). The changes were expressed on days 20 and 40, which indicates the presence of protective properties for the retina
Highlights
In the structure of diseases of the population of Ukraine, ophthalmic pathology accounts for 5.2 % of the total number of diseases and occupies the sixth place, which allows it to be one of the most common groups in the structure of total morbidity in Ukraine [1]
To assess the retinoprotective properties of the hydrogel of methylsilicic acid (Enterosgel) on the background of Cr (VI) – induced retinopathy in the studied rats were divided into 3 groups: I – control group of intact rats (n=24), group II – rats (n=24) who received drinking water enriched with Cr (VI) (K2Cr2O7) – 0.02 mol/l, which is typical for the northern regions of Sumy region [11] and group III – animals (n=24) who consumed water saturated with K2Cr2O7 and as a corrector Enterosgel at a dose of 0.8 mg/kg per day
It has been experimentally proven that oral administration of potassium dichromate caused oxidative stress (OS) in rabbits, which was accompanied by a significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, as well as an increase in malonic aldehyde, the end product of lipid peroxidation
Summary
In the structure of diseases of the population of Ukraine, ophthalmic pathology accounts for 5.2 % of the total number of diseases and occupies the sixth place, which allows it to be one of the most common groups in the structure of total morbidity in Ukraine [1]. Scientists' interest in this problem has grown significantly, as evidenced by the appearance of a number of mostly foreign publications, which in their studies focus on anthropogenic environmental factors, namely, heavy metals, as one of the main causes of ophthalmic pathology and their severity. It is well known that the main sources of contamination with hexavalent chromium compounds are galvanic production, waste from tanneries, circulating cooling systems, production of glue, detergents [7]
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