Abstract
EDITORIAL article Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol., 30 April 2013Sec. Molecular Bacterial Pathogenesis https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2013.00015
Highlights
The gastrointestinal pathogens enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EPEC and EHEC) continue to pose a threat to human health worldwide
While EPEC remains a significant cause of diarrhea in low-income countries, EHEC is more common as a food or water-borne pathogen in industrialized countries
Strains of EHEC are commensal in many ruminants, cattle, and entry into the food chain through fecal contamination of food or water is a risk factor for infection. Another characteristic of EHEC but not EPEC is the production of Shiga toxins, which are associated with the development of severe complications of infection, namely hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
Summary
The gastrointestinal pathogens enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EPEC and EHEC) continue to pose a threat to human health worldwide. Both pathogens share a distinctive mechanism of intestinal colonization known as attaching and effacing A/E lesion formation. The locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) is essential for A/E lesion formation, and encodes a type III section system (T3SS) that translocates multiple effector proteins into the infected enterocyte.
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