Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots are currently emerging as one of the most promising sources of non-classical light on which to base future quantum networks. They can generate single photons as well as pairs of entangled photons with unprecedented brightness, indistinguishability, and degree of entanglement. These features have very recently opened up the possibility to perform advanced quantum optics protocols that were previously inaccessible to single quantum emitters. In this work, we report on two experiments that use the non-local properties of entanglement to teleport quantum states: three-photon state teleportation and four-photon entanglement teleportation. We discuss all the experimental results in light of a theoretical model that we develop to account for the non-idealities of the quantum source. The excellent agreement between theory and experiment enables a deep understanding of how each parameter of the source affects the teleportation fidelities and it pinpoints the requirements needed to overcome the classical limits. Finally, our model suggests how to further improve quantum-dot entangled-photon sources for practical quantum networks.
Highlights
I N THE informatics framework, a network is an architecture of connected computers, sharing information via communication channels
We discuss our recent demonstrations of entangled-based teleportation with photons generated on demand by GaAs quantum dots (QDs)
We focus on experiments dealing with three-photon state teleportation and four-photon entanglement teleportation
Summary
I N THE informatics framework, a network is an architecture of connected computers, sharing information via communication channels. Photons hardly decohere over distance, can be manipulated and detected with current technology, and polarization/orbital momentum/path/time-bin degrees of freedom can be used to encode quantum information [22] All these features have enabled seminal demonstrations of quantum key distribution [13] and quantum communication [23], and commercial systems for quantum cryptography that operate at short distances (few hundreds of kilometers) are available since a few years. The development of practical quantum repeaters still demands improvements in the efficiency of entanglement distribution via Bell state measurements and, most importantly, the development of near-ideal entanglement resources The latter point is receiving enormous attention, in particular because it is apparent that conventional systems based on parametric down-conversion are limited by the random nature of the photon generation process.
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