Entanglement entropy, single-particle occupation probabilities, and short-range correlations

Abstract

For quantum many-body systems with short-range correlations (SRCs), the intimate relationship between their magnitude, the behavior of the single-particle occupation probabilities at momenta larger than the Fermi momentum, and the entanglement entropy is a new qualitative aspect not studied and exploited yet. A large body of recent condensed matter studies indicates that the time evolution of the entanglement entropy describes the nonequilibrium dynamics of isolated and strongly interacting many-body systems, in a manner similar to the Boltzmann entropy, which is strictly defined for dilute and weakly interacting many-body systems. Both theoretical and experimental studies in nuclei and cold atomic gases have shown that the fermion momentum distribution has a generic behavior $n(k)=C/{k}^{4}$ at momenta larger than the Fermi momentum, due to the presence of SRCs, with approximately 20% of the particles having momenta larger than the Fermi momentum. The presence of the long momentum tails in the presence of SRCs changes the textbook relation between the single-particle kinetic energy and occupation probabilities, ${n}_{\text{mf}}(k)=1/{1+exp\ensuremath{\beta}[\ensuremath{\epsilon}(k)\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\mu}]}$ for momenta very different form the Fermi momentum, particularly for dynamics processes. SRCs induced high-momentum tails of the single-particle occupation probabilities increase the entanglement entropy of fermionic systems, which in its turn affects the dynamics of many nuclear reactions, such as heavy-ion collisions and nuclear fission.