Entanglement and Optimal Dense Coding in Spin Chain with an Arbitrary Magnetic Field

Abstract

The entanglement and optimal dense coding at entangled states of a 1D Ising chain in the presence of an external magnetic field with an arbitrary direction, are investigated. The entanglement concurrence and the optimal dense coding capacity are calculated for different orientations of the magnetic field. It has been found that the direction of external magnetic field has effects on the entanglement concurrence and optimal dense coding capacity. In the case of antiferromagnet, the quantum phase transition occurs when an external magnetic field is parallel to Ising orientation. The concurrence increases when the angle between the direction of magnetic field and Ising orientation become smaller at ground state in certain parameter regimes, so does the optimal dense coding. The maximum moves toward the direction perpendicular to the Ising orientation in higher temperature. In contrast, the more concurrence and optimal dense coding can be produced only in the case of an external magnetic field perpendicular to Ising orientation at zero and low temperature for ferromagnetic case.