Abstract
Matcha green tea powder (MGTP) is made with finely ground green tea leaves that are rich in phytochemicals, most particularly catechins. Shortbread biscuits were enriched with MGTP and evaluated for consumer acceptability and potential functional health properties. Baking decreased the content of total catechins by 19% compared to dough, although epimerization increased the amount of (+)-gallocatechin gallate at the expense of other catechins such as (−)-epigallocatechin gallate. Consumer acceptability tests using a 9-point hedonic scale showed that consumers preferred enriched biscuits with low content of MGTP (2 g of MGTP 100 g−1 of flour), and an increase of sugar content did not significantly improve the acceptability of MGTP-enriched biscuits. Overall, enrichment of biscuits with MGTP did not significantly affect the postprandial glucose or triglyceride response (area under curve) compared to non-enriched biscuits consumed with water or MGTP drink. Enriching biscuits with Matcha green tea is acceptable to consumers, but may not bring significant postprandial effects.
Highlights
Catechins are the main polyphenols found in green tea
The four major catechins found in green tea are (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (−)-epicatechin (EC), (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and (−)-epicatechin gallate (ECG)
The results indicate a significant loss of most catechins, except GCG, during the baking process, with a maximum loss of 19% in total catechins (Table 1)
Summary
The four major catechins found in green tea are (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (−)-epicatechin (EC),. (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and (−)-epicatechin gallate (ECG). Their trans epimer forms, namely (+)-catechin, (+)-gallocatechin gallate (GCG), (+)-gallocatechin (GC), and (+)-catechin gallate (CG), are found in minor amounts. EGCG is the most abundant catechin in green tea leaves and contributes to 50% of total catechins in tea leaves. It is been used as a quality indicator in green tea products [3]. It is found at low levels in a range of foods including apples, red berries, nuts, and legumes
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