Abstract
EnlistTM technology is a new trait on soybean and corn conferring tolerance to auxinic-type (2,4-D choline) and graminicides (aryloxyphenoxypropionates – FOPs) herbicides. However, the occurrence of volunteer corn tolerant to 2,4-D and FOPs can become a significant weed on soybean cropping systems, affecting the crop yield and reducing seed quality. This research aimed to evaluate herbicides to EnlistTM volunteer corn control and their effects on plant development, crop yield, and physiological seed quality of EnlistTM soybean. Field experiment was performed in a complete randomized block experimental design with four replicates, using a density of 10 plants·m-2 of EnlistTM volunteer corn. Treatments consisted of herbicides applied at 3-4-leaves stage of volunteer corn with haloxyfop-P-methyl, clethodim, pinoxaden, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr regarding to a control with and without volunteer corn. The development and yield components of EnlistTM soybean were evaluated and physiological seed testing performed on soybean’s seeds. Clethodim controlled EnlistTM volunteer corn, whereas haloxyfop-P-methyl, pinoxaden, and cloransulam-methyl showed insufficient control levels (30-35%) at 30 days after spray. Imazethapyr exhibited 84% of control of EnlistTM volunteer corn and injured the EnlistTM soybean, affecting its seed viability. EnlistTM volunteer corn interferences negatively the soybean crop yield, yield components, and affects the plant development pattern.
Highlights
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is the leading agricultural commodity for Brazilian farmers and trade balance, with major exported volumes that meet 29% of the world’s demand (Giraudo 2020)
Treatments consisted of herbicides applied at 3-4-leaves stage of volunteer corn with haloxyfop-P-methyl, clethodim, pinoxaden, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr regarding to a control with and without volunteer corn
Insuficient control of EnlistTM volunteer corn was found after application of haloxyfop-P-methyl, pinoxaden, and cloransulam-methyl herbicides, regardless of the evaluated period, with values lower than 35% (Table 1)
Summary
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is the leading agricultural commodity for Brazilian farmers and trade balance, with major exported volumes that meet 29% of the world’s demand (Giraudo 2020). Good soybean management practices, including high-quality seeds and adequate weed control, are essential to increase the crop yield. Roundup Ready® technology developed in the 1990s for soybean and available later for corn contributed to weed control, reducing costs, and increasing the grain yield (Benbrook 2016). Grain yield increased approximately 4-fold, whereas herbicides use reduced 75% between 1995 to 2013 (Benbrook 2016). This scenario based on repeated glyphosate application favored the selection of weed-resistant populations, and new traits with herbicide-resistance can provide new management strategies, aiming the control of weed herbicide-resistant populations (Duke 2020)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
