Abstract
Bacterial biofilm causes severe antibiotic resistance. An extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) is the main component in the bacterial biofilm. Alginate is a key EPS component in the biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and responsible for surface adhesion and stabilization of biofilm. Alginate lyase has emerged as an efficient therapeutic strategy targeting to degrade the alginate in the biofilm of P. aeruginosa. However, the application of this enzyme is limited by its poor stability. In this study, chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) were synthesized using low molecular weight chitosan and alginate lyase Aly08 was immobilized on low molecular weight chitosan nanoparticles (AL-LMW-CS-NPs). As a result, the immobilization significantly enhanced the thermal stability and reusability of Aly08. In addition, compared with free Aly08, the immobilized AL-LMW-CS-NPs exhibited higher efficiency in inhibiting biofilm formation and interrupting the established mature biofilm of P. aeruginosa, which could reduce its biomass and thickness confirmed by confocal microscopy. Moreover, the biofilm disruption greatly increased the antibiotic sensitivity of P. aeruginosa. This research will contribute to the further development of alginate lyase as an anti-biofilm agent.
Highlights
Bacterial biofilms are generally defined as structured, specialized and adherent microbial communities
The physicochemical properties of chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) are very different depending on the origin of chitosan and the processing method
TIhne tmhiasinstuaddyv,awnteagaelsoof inimvemstoigbailtiezdedthsetrraetuesgaybiislittyhaotfiitmcamnoibniclirzeeadseAtLh-eLrMeuWsa-CbiSl-itNyPosfothuet oefntzhyemaewparreepnaersastoiofne.nIvnirtohnismsetnutdayl, we investigated the reusability of immobilized AL-low molecule weight (LMW)-CS-NPs out of the awareness of environmental protection as well as saving costs as the reusability is essential for cost effective use in continuous industrial processes and in drug delivery devices
Summary
Bacterial biofilms are generally defined as structured, specialized and adherent microbial communities. The presence of biofilm reduces the sensitivity of bacteria to conventional antibiotics around 1000-fold compared with planktonic ones [1,2,3]. The complex extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) produced by microbial cells is considered to play important roles in adhesion and aggregation of bacterial biofilm, mediating cell–cell and cell–surface connectivity, as well as protecting bacteria escape from the immune system of the host [4,5]. The problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has attracted increasing attention [6,7]. It is crucial to exploit new strategies which simultaneously destabilize the biofilm architecture and ensure safety
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