Enhancing the Thermal Stability of Majorana Fermions with Redundancy Using Dipoles in Optical Lattices

Abstract

Pairing between spinless fermions can generate Majorana fermion excitations that exhibit intriguing properties arising from nonlocal correlations. But, simple models indicate that nonlocal correlation between Majorana fermions becomes unstable at nonzero temperatures. We address this issue by showing that anisotropic interactions between dipolar fermions in optical lattices can be used to significantly enhance thermal stability. We construct a model of oriented dipolar fermions in a square optical lattice. We find that domains established by strong interactions exhibit enhanced correlation between Majorana fermions over large distances and long times even at finite temperatures, suitable for stable redundancy encoding of quantum information. Our approach can be generalized to a variety of configurations and other systems, such as quantum wire arrays.