Abstract
All inorganic lead-based perovskites containing bromine-iodine alloys, such as CsPbIBr2, have arisen as one of the most attractive candidates for absorber layers in solar cells. That said, there remains a large gap when it comes to film and crystal quality between the inorganic and hybrid perovskites. In this work, antisolvent engineering is employed as a simple and reproducible method for improving CsPbIBr2 thin films. We found that both the antisolvent used and the conditions under which it was applied have a measurable impact on both the quality and stability of the final product. We arrived at this conclusion by characterising the samples using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV–visible and photoluminescence measurements, as well as employing a novel system to quantify stability. Our findings, and the application of our novel method for quantifying stability, demonstrate the ability to significantly enhance CsPbIBr2 samples, produced via a static one-step spin coating method, by applying isopropanol 10 s after commencing the spin programme. The antisolvent quenched CsPbIBr2 films demonstrate both improved crystallinity and an extended lifespan.
Highlights
The Paris Agreement identified the development of solar power as a key to tackling climate change
During our review of the literature, we found ourselves asking: could there be more factors that contribute to the quality of antisolvent quenched CsPbIBr2? If so, to what extent do different factors affect the measurable properties of CsPbIBr2? We identified two variables that likely affected the antisolvent quenching method: the antisolvent used and the time at which the antisolvent is applied during the programme
The results section is broken down into four parts: The antisolvent selection, the effect of dripping time, the impact on stability, and several solar cells are simulated using the parameters of the optimized CsPbIBr2 film
Summary
The Paris Agreement identified the development of solar power as a key to tackling climate change. Perovskites have emerged as a prime candidate for solar cells due to their low cost [1], impressive rise in power conversion efficiency (PCE) [2], and excellent optoelectronic properties [3,4,5,6,7,8]. The B-site cation is the most often occupied by lead, due to its toxic nature, tin-based perovskites have been explored [12]. While inorganic perovskites have shown superior levels of stability [15, 21,22,23,24], there is still a need to extend their lifespans if they are to compete with silicon-based solar cells
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