Abstract
This article deals with the stochastic scheduling of a microgrid (MG) to balance the economical and resilience metrics. In the proposed model, the MG resilience indices are integrated into the economic criteria to ensure the resilience of MG operation alongside the main MG actors’ profit/loss. The MG fragility index, recovery efficiency index, MG voltage index, and lost load index are considered in the proposed planning model. Further, to make the results more realistic, the uncertainties associated with energy price and wind production, alongside with planning of energy storage systems and electric vehicles parking lots are considered. To achieve a better solution for the security-constraint operation of MG, AC network equations are included in the system modeling. Finally, a large-scale MG based on the IEEE-33 bus testbed is utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed stochastic scheduling program.
Highlights
In recent years, human wrong manipulation in nature has led to the advent of climate change, which has resulted in increasingly severe natural disasters such as thunderstorms, hurricanes, blizzards, and floods [1]
The fragility index, the recovery efficiency index, the MG voltage and lost load indices are considered as the resilience metrics in this article
The proposed planning scheme successfully applied to the IEEE 33-bus test case along with AC optimal power flow constraints considering different types of distributed energy resources (DERs) and real-time market information
Summary
Human wrong manipulation in nature has led to the advent of climate change, which has resulted in increasingly severe natural disasters such as thunderstorms, hurricanes, blizzards, and floods [1]. The power distribution systems are more vulnerable in the face of these events due to their intrinsic breadth [2]. This issue has emphasized the topic of resilience that address the power grids ability to withstand against high-impact rare (HIR) events [3]. Various methods have been introduced to evaluate and improve the resilience of power systems [4]. Among the available techniques for improving the power system resilience, the use of microgrid (MG) potential in islanding mode has been severely investigated by researchers [3]. The lack of mathematical models has made this issue a challenge
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