Abstract
The tungsten-doped (0.5 and 1.0 mol%) LiNi0.88Co0.09Al0.03O2 (NCA) cathode materials are manufactured to systematically examine the stabilizing effect of W-doping. The 1.0 mol% W-doped LiNi0.88Co0.09Al0.03O2 (W1.0-NCA) cathodes deliver 173.5 mAh g−1 even after 100 cycles at 1 C, which is 95.2% of the initial capacity. While the capacity retention of NCA cathodes cycled in identical conditions is 86.3%. The optimal performances of the W1.0-NCA could be ascribed to the suppression of impendence increase and the decrease in anisotropic volume change, as well as preventing the collapse of structures during cycling. These findings demonstrate that the W-doping considerably enhances the electrochemical performance of NCA, which has potential applications in the development of Ni-rich layered cathode materials that can display high capacity with superior cycling stability.
Highlights
Lithium-ion batteries (LIB), the popularity of which is growing rapidly, are used primarily in all kinds of electronic equipment
The issue of microcracking during cycling becomes more severe with increasing nickel content in the LiNix Coy Mn1−x−y O2 (0.6 ≤ x ≤ 0.95) series, reported by Ryu et al [25], and the cracking problem were observed in the study of LiNix Coy Al1−x−y O2 (x = 0.8, 0.88, 0.95) materials by Nam et al [26]
Facts have proved that an appropriate W-doping level (1.0 mol%) is expected to significantly enhance structural integrity, cycle reversibility, and rate performance, which opens up new possibilities for LIB with high energy densities
Summary
Lithium-ion batteries (LIB), the popularity of which is growing rapidly, are used primarily in all kinds of electronic equipment. Ni-rich cathode materials have advantages in the high energy density with low material costs, they have greatly reduced the cycling performance with poor thermal stabilities and serious anisotropic volume change due to the deleterious H2-H3 phase (hexagonal to another hexagonal phase) transition, which hinders their commercialization [8,20,21,22]. Atomic doping is widely considered to enjoy a promising development, with simple operation to significantly improve battery lifetime, rate capability, and structural integrity of nickel-rich cathode materials. We introduced W in Ni-rich layered LiNi0.88 Co0.09 Al0.03 O2 cathodes via a simple doping process to considerably improve its cycling stability by overcoming inherent structural instability. Facts have proved that an appropriate W-doping level (1.0 mol%) is expected to significantly enhance structural integrity, cycle reversibility, and rate performance, which opens up new possibilities for LIB with high energy densities
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