Abstract
The aim of this study was to enhance the efficacy of cardiomyoplasty by preserving the viability of the latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) with vascular delay (VD) and by preconditioning the muscle with early and intermittent stimulation (ES, IS). There were four groups of animals in our study: 1) Standard CMP (S-CMP); 2) VD-CMP; 3) VD-CMP-ES; and 4) VD-CMP-IS. VD was performed 2 weeks before CMP. Hemodynamic benefits were evaluated 2 to 9 weeks after CMP surgery. S-CMP showed variable effects on left ventricular function, whereas CMP plus VD with ES or IS or no stimulation all showed significant positive effects on left ventricular function. The % changes of stimulated beats to non-stimulated beats are shown in Table.TableCMP with VD improved both systolic function and diastolic function in the failing and normal canine heart. VD eliminated the ischemia and degeneration of LDM. ES shortened the muscle training course and IS prevented overuse damage of LDM. Our experimental results demonstrated that latissimus dorsi muscle with vascular delay and preconditioned by early and intermittent stimulation would be a positive way to enhance the efficacy of CMP.
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