Abstract
This study conducted a rigorous experiment to assess the strength and durability of pre-cracked concrete modifiedwith metakaolin (MK) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS). Three categories of hardened concrete werecompared to conventional concrete, focusing on key parameters such as compressive strength, mass loss, openporosity, water penetration, capillary water absorption, and drying shrinkage. The assessments were performed undertwo levels of compression damage and exposure to sulfuric acid (5% concentration). The results demonstrated asignificant long-term improvement in compressive strength by incorporating MK and GBFS, despite a reduction of upto 80% in the presence of sulfuric acid. The F10 formulation exhibited the best performance, highlighting the positiveimpact of additives on concrete durability. Replacing cement with MK and GBFS at a 10% level was identified as theoptimal design for sewer structures due to minimal shrinkage compared to other formulations.
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