Enhancing Security and Privacy in Biometrics Based Authentication System Using Multiple Secret Sharing

Abstract

A biometric authentication system acquires biometric sample such as fingerprint from the subject. The fingerprint signifies physiological features of an individual. This biometric sample is stored in the database for preserving its security and privacy. Secret sharing can be applied for securing this biometric sample where, a fingerprint image gets divided into number of bits called as shares. These shares then stored at different places, for example, one share will be provided to the user in the form of ID card and another share will be in central database. For the reconstruction of image, both the shares are obligatory so as to get original image. To store the data in the form of shares at different places instead of whole data at one place augments security and privacy in biometrics based authentication system. This paper proposes a fusion of ID card swapping and fingerprint authentication. This fusion is implemented with multiple secret sharing scheme which uses two fingerprints as a base of authentication. This scheme helps to solve two problems such as maintenance of large databases and falsification.