Abstract
Physical layer security (PLS), which is based on information-theoretic principles of message confidentiality, has attracted considerable attention in recent years. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of using channel feedback (CF) to enhance the quality of PLS of various communication models. To be specific, the survey starts from the secret key-based CF scheme and its variations for the wiretap channel (WTC) and other communication models. Then, for the WTC and its generalized models, an improved feedback scheme and its variations are respectively introduced, where the improved scheme combines the secret key-based CF scheme with the Wyner-Ziv scheme for source coding with side information. It has been shown that these improved schemes perform better than the original secret key-based schemes for several cases. Next, the Schalkwijk-Kailath (SK) feedback scheme and its variations are introduced, which are optimal for the Gaussian WTC and its variations. Finally, the already existing CF schemes are summarized and the future challenges of using CF to enhance PLS are discussed.
Highlights
Due to the broadcast nature of wireless communications, mobile devices are vulnerable to eavesdropping
2.1 The wiretap channel with noiseless feedback The effect of channel feedback (CF) on the Physical layer security (PLS) in communication systems was first investigated in [15], where the WTC [11] was re-visited by considering the case that the legitimate receiver can send its received channel outputs back to the transmitter via a noiseless feedback channel, which is not known by the wiretapper
The secret key-based feedback scheme introduced has been widely used in various channel models, and we introduce the applications of the secret key-based feedback scheme in the subsection
Summary
Due to the broadcast nature of wireless communications, mobile devices are vulnerable to eavesdropping. Note that the secrecy capacities characterized in [11] and [12] indicate that positive secrecy rate is achieved only if the legitimate receiver’s channel is less noisy than the wiretapper’s channel. In the remainder of this paper, random variables (RVs), their realizations and alphabets are denoted by uppercase letters, lowercase letters, and calligraphic letters, respectively. Random vectors and their realizations are written in a similar way.
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