Abstract
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) show superior optoelectronic properties, which give them the great potential for use in next generation light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In particular, their narrow emission linewidths can achieve ultrahigh color purity. However, the reported luminescence efficiency (LE) values are not high enough to be commercialized in displays and solid-state lightings. Moreover, the operational stability of LEDs associated with the overshooting of luminance and the high relative standard deviation of reported external quantum efficiencies are still problematic. In this perspective, we review photophysical factors that limit the photoluminescence quantum efficiency of perovskite-based LEDs. These factors are categorized into (i) weak exciton binding, (ii) nonradiative recombinations, (iii) slow cooling of long-lived hot carriers, (iv) deep-level defects, and (v) interband transition rates. We then present various physicochemical methods to effectively overcome these luminescence-limiting factors. We finally suggest some useful research directions to further improve the LE of MHP emitters as core components in displays and solid-state lightings.
Highlights
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are promising semiconducting materials for generation optoelectronic devices
Their narrow emission linewidths [with a full width at halfmaximum (FWHM) of ≤20 nm] can achieve ultrahigh color purity. These are superior to the properties of organic emitters (FWHM >40 nm; color gamut
We review photophysical factors that strongly affect the photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE) of MHP-based perovskite-based LEDs (PeLEDs)
Summary
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are promising semiconducting materials for generation optoelectronic devices. Scitation.org/journal/apm simple planar structures,[2,3] where MA denotes a CH3NH3 organic cation These PeLEDs had solution-processed MHP emitting layers between charge-transporting organic layers with electrodes.[2,3] The electroluminescence efficiencies of the early-stage PeLEDs in 2014 are (i) infrared (IR) radiance of 13.2 W/(sr m2) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 0.76% for MAPbI3−xClx and (ii) luminance L = 417 cd/m2 and EQE of 0.125% for MAPbBr3.2,3 These are inferior to those of conventional organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and lag far behind the commercially required performance. By theoretically examining these points, we present various physicochemical methods to overcome the luminescence-limiting factors and suggest several research directions to further improve the LE of MHP emitters as core components in displays and solid-state lightings
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