Abstract
Biofabrication using well-matched cell/materials systems provides unprecedented opportunities for dealing with human health issues where disease or injury overtake the body’s native regenerative abilities. Such opportunities can be enhanced through the development of biomaterials with cues that appropriately influence embedded cells into forming functional tissues and organs. In this context, biomaterials’ reliance on rigid biofabrication techniques needs to support the incorporation of a hierarchical mimicry of local and bulk biological cues that mimic the key functional components of native extracellular matrix. Advances in synthetic self-assembling peptide biomaterials promise to produce reproducible mimics of tissue-specific structures and may go some way in overcoming batch inconsistency issues of naturally sourced materials. Recent work in this area has demonstrated biofabrication with self-assembling peptide biomaterials with unique biofabrication technologies to support structural fidelity upon 3D patterning. The use of synthetic self-assembling peptide biomaterials is a growing field that has demonstrated applicability in dermal, intestinal, muscle, cancer and stem cell tissue engineering.
Highlights
Evolution has equipped the body with an incredible capacity to heal injured and diseased tissues [1,2]
The field of biofabrication aims to replicate the native hierarchical tissue and organ structure by placing biomaterials and cells precisely into a 3D space, creating living constructs [22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30]. These 3D models of native organ structures can be captured from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) or designed in computer-aided design (CAD) programs and translated to control biofabrication patterning [9]
To design tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM)-niches, the ideal biomaterial for biofabrication is engineered for cellular outcomes, with mechanical, structural and bioactive properties presented in a controlled manner [45,72,73]
Summary
Evolution has equipped the body with an incredible capacity to heal injured and diseased tissues [1,2]. The field of biofabrication aims to replicate the native hierarchical tissue and organ structure by placing biomaterials and cells precisely into a 3D space, creating living constructs [22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30]. The ECM scaffold provides tissue-specific structural and functional properties [50], established to provide primary points of interaction that drive cellular migration, differentiation and proliferation— essential behaviours for tissue engineering [13,45,46,47]. To design tissue-specific ECM-niches, the ideal biomaterial for biofabrication is engineered for cellular outcomes, with mechanical, structural and bioactive properties presented in a controlled manner [45,72,73]. BYp-aNtCib3l.0eppuebplisthidedeb–ybRioCmS [a80t]e,rSiuaslasp.toTehteale. 2m02e1rCgoepnycrieghotfAcCeSll[8l1a]den peptide-biomaterials which can be biofabricated demonstrates the successful translation of peptide materials to the biofabIrnicthaitsiorenvioefwt,iwsseuperso.vIidmeaagceosmamdeanptaterydown iththe rpeecernmt ipsrsoigornesfsroofmadRapatuinfgestyanlt.hetic 2021 CC BY-NC 3.0 pupbelpistihdeedmbatyerRiaClsSas[8e0ff]e,cStiuvesabpiotmoaetteraial.ls2a0n2d1tCheompyecrhiganhitstAicCapSp[r8o1a]chaensdthSaat thhaevre ebeteanl. 2021 Copyright Wiley-tsVayknCetnHhetto[i8ce2np]se.uprteidtehemiradteerviaellospthmaetnrtecinapthiteulbaitoefakberyicfaetaiotunrelasnodfstchaepeE.CTMhi,spraevviinewg thhiegwhlaigyhttos the biofabrication of tissue-engineered organs and future clinical translation
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