Enhancing Lipase Production of Bacillus salmalaya Strain 139SI Using Different Carbon Sources and Surfactants

Mohammed Al Mohaini,Salmah Ismail,Arezoo Dadrasnia,Abdulkhaliq J Alsalman,Muhammad Muzammal,Shakira Ghazanfar,Maitham A Al Hawaj,Arshad Farid,Yousef N Alhashem

doi:10.3390/applmicrobiol2010017

Abstract

Microbial lipase is one of the major sources of the enzyme that has been broadly exploited in the food, detergent, and pharmaceutical industries due to its high catalytic activity, high yield, and environmental friendliness and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, the aim of this study was to optimize the medium for the submerged fermentation for lipase production by a novel strain, Bacillus salmalaya strain 139SI. The media subjected to lipase production was Luria Bertani (LB) with different carbon sources and surfactants supplemented to determine which would give the highest lipase activity of Bacillus salmalaya. The Lipase activity of the supernatant containing lipase enzyme was ddetermined using the titrimetric method with hydrolysis reaction. Results showed that the olive oil that was used as a carbon source, induced the highest lipase activity (11.0 U/mL) compared to sunflower oil (9.6 U/mL) and cooking oil waste (7.8 U/mL). For surfactants, LB medium supplemented with tween 80 enhanced higher lipase activity (6.8 U/mL) compared to tween 20 (6.0 U/mL) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) (2.0 U/mL). Thus, it can be concluded that submerged fermentation allows optimization of the culture medium whereby, among carbon sources, olive oil induced the highest lipase production, whereas Tween 80 was the best lipase inducer compared to other surfactants.

Highlights

IntroductionBacillus is one of the most common bacterial genera reported in soil, and various species have been found in a variety of environmental niches [1]
The purpose of this study is to see whether B. salmalaya strain 139SI can produce lipase enzyme, as well as to see if alternative carbon sources and surfactants may help the strain produce more lipase
After inoculating B. salmalaya on the tween 20 agar plate and incubated for five days, white milky precipitate appeared around the colonies due to the deposition of calcium salt crystals that were formed by the action of lipase that liberated fatty acid (Figure 1a)

Summary

Introduction

Bacillus is one of the most common bacterial genera reported in soil, and various species have been found in a variety of environmental niches [1]. Bacillus salmalaya 139SI found from an agricultural soil in Malaysia that was identified by Salmah and Dadrasnia (2015) as a member of a novel species belonging to genus bacillus based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. According to Salmah and Dadrasnia (2015) the isolated colonies were large and gray with a rough and irregular edge. The colonies were 2–3 mm in diameter and exhibited strong hemolytic activity after 16 h of incubation at 37 ◦ C on

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Conclusion