Abstract
Stilbenoids are interesting natural compounds with pleiotropic in vitro and in vivo activity. Their well-documented biological properties include anti-inflammatory effects, anticancer effects, effects on longevity, and many others. Therefore, they are nowadays commonly found in foods and dietary supplements, and used as a part of treatment strategy in various types of diseases. Bioactivity of stilbenoids strongly depends on different types of factors such as dosage, food composition, and synergistic effects with other plant secondary metabolites such as polyphenols or vitamins. In this review, we summarize the existing in vitro, in vivo, and clinical data from published studies addressing the optimization of bioavailability of stilbenoids. Stilbenoids face low bioavailability due to their chemical structure. This can be improved by the use of novel drug delivery systems or enhancers, which are discussed in this review. Current in vitro and in vivo evidence suggests that both approaches are very promising and increase the absorption of the original substance by several times. However, data from more clinical trials are required.
Highlights
Stilbenoids are part of a large group of phytochemicals known as polyphenols
The aim of this review is to summarize the pharmacokinetics of the best-known stilbenoid resveratrol and the approach to modifying its bioavailability
Novel methods or novel drug delivery systems (NDDSs) are a way to deliver the maximum amount of drug to the target site
Summary
Stilbenoids are part of a large group of phytochemicals known as polyphenols. Epidemiological studies have found an association between food consumption and health and longevity. Stilbenoids have become well known due to the compound resveratrol [1]. This molecule is well known for its association in explaining the lower mortality in France compared with the American population. This phytoalexin has helped to focus research on other similar compounds that are based on stilbene and slightly differ only in the numbers of hydroxyl groups, isomerization, glycosylation, styrene bond, methyl groups, prenyl groups, etc. Isomerization has a strong influence on biological properties, and it is important to use only the most potent variant in nutraceuticals [2,3,4,5]
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