Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) photoluminescence emission from ZnO nanorod arrays was greatlyenhanced by growing additional thin ZnO layers on the surface after thermal reduction ofthe nanorods. Appropriate selection of additives based on the shape of the original ZnOsamples was found to be an important factor in designing the solution composition forgrowing the additional ZnO layers. This is because the additives modify the growth rateswith respect to crystallographic planes. Adding ethylene glycol to the solution was effectivefor rod-shaped ZnO nanorods in enhancing the UV emission, whereas addingpolyethylenimine was better for plate-like particles. These results can be explained by thepresence of non-luminescent regions near the surface, where UV emission is thought to besuppressed by non-radiative surface centers. Growing additional layers on sideplanes increases the volume of the optically active region of ZnO nanorods, with alower transmittance loss; thus, it effectively enhances the UV emission intensity.
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