Enhancement of Tainan 9 Peanut Seed Storability and Germination under Low Temperature

Parinee Jeammuangpuk,Parichart Promchote,Juangjun Duangpatra,Damrongvudhi Onwimol,Tanapon Chaisan,Craig K Kvien,Cristina Patan

doi:10.1155/2020/8813285

Parinee Jeammuangpuk, Parichart Promchote + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8813285

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Abstract

Low temperature condition during December to January can limit seed emergence and seedling establishment for peanut production in Thailand. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of peanut seed priming on seed germination and vigor under optimal and low temperature conditions before and after 9 months of storage. Tainan 9 peanut seeds were primed with salicylic acid (SA), ascorbate (ASA), CaCl2, or chitosan and tested for germination at 25°C (optimal temperature) and 15°C (low temperature) before and after a 9-month storage period. Seed priming with 50 mg·L−1 SA and 50 mg·L−1 ASA for 12 hours before germinating improved germination at 15°C when compared to untreated seeds both before and after 9-month storage. The high seed quality, illustrated by high germination percentage, high seed vigor, and low mean germination time related to the low autoxidation substrates: lipoxygenase (LOX), malondialdehyde (MDA), and high antioxidants: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). It suggests that peanut seed priming with salicylic acid and/or ascorbate can improve seedling emergence and growth under low temperature conditions.

Highlights

Peanut cultivated in north and northeast ailand may be exposed to soil temperatures below 25°C for 1-2 weeks during the December to January planting season [1]
Peanut seed priming with 50 mg·L−1 salicylic acid (SA), 50 mg·L−1 ascorbate (ASA), 50 mm CaCl2, and 0.5% chitosan was significantly different from the control in germination and mean germination time (MGT) when germinated at both 25°C and 15°C (Table 1)
Primed seeds with SA and ASA germinated 100% and reduced mean germination time from untreated seeds about 1 day at 25°C (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Peanut cultivated in north and northeast ailand may be exposed to soil temperatures below 25°C for 1-2 weeks during the December to January planting season [1]. Temperatures below 16°C are known to reduce peanut germination percentage, germination rate [2], seedling establishment, seed set, and crop yield [3]. No germination was found when peanut germination temperatures fell below 11°C [4]. Temperatures below 10–15°C affect seed imbibition, enzyme activity, metabolism [5], and liquidity of membrane lipid [6]. Low temperatures are known to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative damage to the membrane system of plants [7] that result in the loss of membrane integrity, solute leakage, and metabolic dysfunction [8]. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) are antioxidants that improve the cold resistance of plants through inhibiting membrane lipid peroxidation [9]

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