Enhancement of susceptibility to Fas-mediated apoptosis in HL-60 cells through down-regulation of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors

Abstract

Promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells are resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis. The signaling pathway for Fas-mediated apoptosis in various cells, including HL-60 cells, is currently unknown. Here, we studied the role of survival/apoptosis associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-K)/Akt in this process. We found that both PI 3-K inhibitors, wortmannin and LY294002, markedly suppressed phosphorylation of Akt and Bad in HL-60 cells. PI 3-K inhibitors significantly accelerated not only spontaneous apoptosis, but also Fas-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. The pro-apoptotic effect of PI 3-K inhibitors favored Fas-mediated apoptosis rather than spontaneous apoptosis in HL-60 cells. The caspase-3 or -8 inhibitor reduced the pro-apoptotic effect of the PI 3-K inhibitors for Fas-mediated apoptosis in HL-60 cells, but the caspase-9 inhibitor did not. Although PI 3-K inhibitors did not affect Fas expression in HL-60 cells, cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) levels were markedly reduced by PI 3-K inhibitor treatment. Furthermore, antisense oligonucleotide of c-FLIP confirmed that down-regulation of c-FLIP enhanced sensitization to Fas-mediated apoptosis in HL-60 cells. These results suggest that the PI 3-K/Akt signaling pathway may, in part, regulate Fas-mediated apoptosis in HL-60 cells through c-FLIP expression.