Enhancement of stiffness and dynamic mechanical properties of polymers using single-walled-carbon-nanotube – a multiscale finite element formulation study

Abstract

The static and dynamic mechanical properties of polymeric materials can greatly be enhanced by using carbon nanotubes as reinforcement material. However, studies still need to be carried out to characterize the dynamic mechanical properties of the Carbon-Nanotube-Reinforced-Polymer (CNRP) material. Experimental investigations for this purpose have severe limitations and, in most cases, appropriate and reliable experimental work could not be carried out. Computational modelling and simulation encompassing multiscale material behavior provides an alternate approach to study the material behavior. The objective of the present work is to study the enhancement of stiffness and dynamic mechanical properties of Carbon-Nanotube-Reinforced-Polymer (CNRP) material by using a 3D multiscale finite-element model of the representative volume element of the CNRP material. A composite material model consisting of a polymer matrix, an interface region, and a Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) is constructed for this purpose. The polymer matrix is modeled with the Mooney-Rivlin strain energy function to calculate its non-linear response and the interface region is modeled via van der Waals links. The SWCNT is modeled as a space frame structure by using the Morse potential and as a thin shell model based on Donnell’s Shell Theory. The stiffness response of the CNRP is calculated and the natural frequencies of the CNRP are also determined. The viscoplastic behavior of the polymer matrix material is considered and the rate-dependent characteristics of the CNRP are studied. The damping properties of the CNRP are investigated based on its viscous and structural damping mechanisms. The effectiveness of the SWCNT reinforcement is quantified and characterized.