Abstract
This work first showed that the skin anti-inflammatory activities of Eclipta prostrata L. (E. prostrata L.)n be increased through an ultrasonic extraction process at a frequency of 120 kHz with 70% ethanol at 40 °C for 6 h. The extract from the ultrasound extraction (UE) contained 378.6 mg/100 g of wedelolactone (a major bioactive substance in E. prostrata L.), compared with the 172.9 mg/100 g from a conventional extraction process with 70% ethanol at 80 °C for 12 h (EE). The UE showed less than 10% of low cytotoxicity against normal fibroblast cells, and also exhibited much higher antioxidant activities than that from the EE when treating with 0.3 mg/mL of the extracts. It was proved that the high antioxidant activities of the UE were closely correlated with the enhancement of skin anti-inflammatory activities by effectively suppressing the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 from macrophages. The production of prostaglandin E2 from human skin cells was also greatly reduced, compared with the EE for all ranges of the treatments. These results strongly indicate that the various biological activities of E. prostrata L. can be improved by a simple ultrasound extraction process because of the high elution of bioactive substances even at a low temperature.
Highlights
Eclipta prostrata L. is an annual plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, and it mainly grows in wetlands in the central and southern areas of Korea [1] at a height of 30–60 cm
These results strongly indicate that the various biological activities of E. prostrata L. can be improved by a simple ultrasound extraction process because of the high elution of bioactive substances even at a low temperature
A more detailed relationship between antioxidant activities and skin anti-inflammatory activities of the extract should be determined further as well as identifying other bioactive substances in the extract, these results indicate the possibility that E. prostrata L. and wedelolactone can be used for cosmeceutical applications
Summary
Eclipta prostrata L. is an annual plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, and it mainly grows in wetlands in the central and southern areas of Korea [1] at a height of 30–60 cm. With regard to the other efficacies of E. prostrata L., research on its anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic efficacies, blood pressure-lowering effects, antimicrobial activity, anticancer activity, and antioxidant effects, among others, has been conducted [2,3,4,5,6]. Among these activities, the anti-inflammatory activities of E. prostrata L. have been reported, as much interest has been given to the importance of studying anti-inflammation because of severe environmental stress and unbalanced or overly nutritive foods, among others [7]. The macrophages present in the body secrete nitric oxide (NO), cytokines, and prostaglandinE2 (PGE2 )
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