Enhancement of Secondary Metabolite Production by Immobilized Gossypium arboreum Cells

Abstract

AbstractA novel reactor with simultaneous use of plant cell immobilization, permeabilization, and elicitation was designed to enhance the productivity of secondary metabolites and to overcome limitations of plant cell culture, such as slow metabolic rate, low product yield, and sensitivity to shear stresses. Production of gossypol, an antifungal agent, from Gossypium arboreum was selected as a model system. The effects of immobilization, permeabilization, and elicitation on gossypol production were investigated in free suspension culture, immobilized plant cell reactor with recycled batch operation, and bioreactor with continuous operation. G. arboreum cells were effectively immobilized on a cotton matrix by entrapment with a spirally wound configuration. Permeabilization of immobilized cells provided a tool for a continuous process increasing the release of gossypol by 30%, while the elicitation technique played a major role to enhance productivity by more than 8‐fold. In comparisons of productivity, continuous operation and combined treatment gave productivity over 20‐fold higher than batch culture. Simultaneous use of immobilization, permeabilization, and elicitation was possible in continuous operation with an immobilized plant cell reactor.