Enhancement of photoactivity and cellular uptake of (Bu4N)2[Mo6I8(CH3COO)6] complex by loading on porous MCM-41 support. Photodynamic studies as an anticancer agent

Abstract

The incorporation by ionic assembly of the hexanuclear molybdenum cluster (Bu 4 N) 2 [Mo 6 I 8 (CH 3 CO 2 ) 6 ] ( 1 ) in amino-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticles MCM-41 , has yielded the new molybdenum-based hybrid photosensitizer 1@MCM-41 . The new photoactive material presents a high porosity, due to the intrinsic high specific surface area of MCM-41 nanoparticles (989 m 2 g −1 ) which is responsible for the good dispersion of the hexamolybdenum clusters on the nanoparticles surface, as observed by STEM analysis. The hybrid photosensitizer can generate efficiently singlet oxygen, which was demonstrated by using the benchmark photooxygenation reaction of 9,10-anthracenediyl-bis(methylene)dimalonic acid (ABDA) in water. The photodynamic therapy activity has been tested using LED light as an irradiation source (λ irr ~ 400–700 nm; 15.6 mW/cm 2 ). The results show a good activity of the hybrid photosensitizer against human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells, reducing up to 70 % their viability after 20 min of irradiation, whereas low cytotoxicity is detected in the darkness. The main finding of this research is that the incorporation of molybdenum complexes at porous MCM-41 supports enhances their photoactivity and improves cellular uptake, compared to free clusters. Incorporation of photoactive molybdenum complexes at porous MCM-41 supports enhance their photoactivity and improves cellular uptake. • A hexanuclear molybdenum cluster has been incorporated in amino-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticles. • The new photoactive material can generate efficiently singlet oxygen upon illumination with white light. • The photodynamic therapy activity has been tested with HeLa cells, reducing up to 70 % their viability. • The incorporation of molybdenum complexes at porous supports enhances their photoactivity and improves cellular uptake.