Abstract
Removal of Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions by induced flocculation of PPEI with Ca2+ ions was studied. Considerable floc formation accompanying Cu2+ sequestration was demonstrated even at low initial metal concentration of 5 mg L− 1. Flocculation capacity as high as 4.7 mmol Cu2+/g PPEI at pH 6 was obtained. Ca2+ showed minimal competition with Cu2+ ions for adsorption sites in the polymer. The PPEI–Ca2+ flocculant system was effective over a wide range of pH so that at an equilibrium pH of 1.5, more than 50% Cu2+ removal was possible. The [CaCl2]/[PPEI] ratio is a significant parameter with regards to achieving complete Cu2+ removal. At optimized condition, the process is capable of scavenging Cu2+ ions to background levels.
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