Abstract
Amikacinis a semisynthetic derivative of Kanamycin; it was approved for clinical use in the U.S. in 1976. Amikacin is broad-spectrum and potent aminoglycoside with limited clinical use owing high dose requirement.Many gram-negative bacteria, including many strains of Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and serratiaare inhibited by 1-20 mcg/ml amikacin in vitro. After injection of 500mg of amikacin every 12hours (15mg/kg/d) intramuscularly, peak levels in serum are 10-30 mcg/ml . Amikacinis valuable because it was more active to aminoglycoside inactivating bacterial enzymes than is gentamicin. Since it was more inflated, amikacin was reserved for treatment of infections with gentamicin-resistant organisms. Peak plasma concentration should be kept between 20-30 mg/ml and trough concentration below 10mg/ml.There is no oral form of Amikacinis available as it is not absorbed orally. Various research on oral formulation of amikacinare going onsuch assignificantly improved oral uptake of amikacin in fvb mice in the presence of crl-1605 copolymer, liposomal amikacin dry powder inhaler effect of fines on in vitro performance, thiolated chitosan nanoparticles as an oral delivery system for amikacin. Key Word: Gram-negative bacteria, aminoglycoside,chitosan nanoparticles.
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