Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and mustard (Brassica compestris L.) cake used to suppress pathogenic fungi and ultimately enhanced the growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plant. During field experiment tomato plant was treated alone and combine use of mustard and cotton cake with different concentration viz, 1, 3 and 5% W/V. Fusarium solani, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium samitactum was completely controlled by the combine effect of mustered and cotton cake at 1%MC+5%CC, similarly Rhizoctonia solani was completely controlled at 1%MC+1%CC, while 5%MC, 5%CC, 1%CC+5%MC also showed the significant (P< 0.05) result by reducing the percent infection of F. solani, R. solani at 11.11 each. Plant height enhanced significantly (P< 0.05) by all treatments alone and combine, while maximum plant height and weight was produced by combine effect of mustard and cotton cake at 1%MC+5%CC was 14cm and 23.41g respectively. Keywords: Cotton; Fungi; Lycopersicon esculentum; Mustard; Organic manure http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2019.80051
Highlights
Application of organic amendments soil modification with different organic improves structure, texture, color, humus, matters resulted in effective root knot water holding capacity (WHC), aeration
Due to the P N K contents of nonedible oil cakes, these cakes are used as organic fertilizers, enhanced to uptake the nitrogen and they defend the plants from pathogens, nematodes, and insects; in this way it shows resistance against pathogens [21]
Materials and methods Plant material Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Advanta 1204 ICI Pakistan lts seeds, Mustard and cotton cake were purchased from Swabi Market
Summary
Research in developing countries like borne pathogens, enhance the yield of crops. South East Asia and Nigeria showed that [3, 4]. Decomposition, Three week old equal sized tomato seedlings were transplanted in oilseed cakes treated experimental field. Seedlings were planted at the edges of the experimental field and watered twice a week subject to the condition of soil moisture and weather. Incubated for five days at 28 oC, fungi appeared on root pieces after incubating period, were identified, infection and colonization percentage was calculated by following formula. For growth parameter and fungal infection percentage were subjected to one-way ANOVA followed by the least significant difference LSD test at P=0.05. Results and discussion Field experiment F. solani infection was completely controlled by the combine effect of mustard and cotton cake at 1% MC + 5%CC, While significant maximum reduction in infection of F. solani found at 5%MC,5% CC, 1%CC+5%MC and 1%CC+3%MC
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