Abstract
Combined with the traditional internal mixing process, a custom-built ultrasonic generator was introduced in this study. The effect of ultrasonic parameters on the comprehensive performance of tread rubber formulations was investigated. Compared to the traditional mixing process without ultrasonic wave loading, the introduction of ultrasonic enhanced the dispersion and distribution of composite particles in the rubber matrix and improved the overall performance of rubber products. The devil’s triangle relationship among the rolling resistance, wet skid resistance, and abrasion resistance of tires was improved. When the wet skid resistance was slightly lost, the rolling resistance and wear rate were effectively reduced. This study provides new insights into a strategy for optimizing the mixing process of the traditional internal mixer, reducing vehicle emissions, extending the service life of tires, and promoting the development of green tires.
Highlights
Enhancement of Green TiresToday, cars have become an indispensable means of transportation for every family.With the increasingly tight global energy supply and the gradual deterioration of the ecological environment, the pollution problems caused by automobile emissions and waste tires have become increasingly prominent [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
By promoting green tires that have low rolling resistance, high wear resistance, and excellent comprehensive performance can we cope with the above problems [8,9]
Solution-polymerized styrene butadiene rubber (SSBR), cis-polybutadiene (BR), stearic acid and ZnO were purchased from Sinopec Group (Beijing, China); N-1,3-dimethylbutylN’-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (DMPPD), Accelerator CZ (N-cyclohexylbenzothiazole-2sulphenamide) and sulfur were purchased from Shandong Shangshun Chemical Co., Ltd
Summary
Cars have become an indispensable means of transportation for every family. With the increasingly tight global energy supply and the gradual deterioration of the ecological environment, the pollution problems caused by automobile emissions and waste tires have become increasingly prominent [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. In the early stage of mixing, it is necessary to refine and atomize the various materials of the formula, and the ratio among them is difficult to accurately control, which makes it challenging to guarantee the quality of rubber These problems have been solved by the organic combination of an internal mixer, double-cone feeder, and twin-screw mixer by Wang and colleagues [16,17,18,19]. Ultrasonic waves were introduced into the traditional internal mixer mixing process to explore the influence of different ultrasonic parameters on the performance of tread rubber formulations, seeking the best process parameters for preparing green tire products with good dispersibility and distribution. This provides a guide for optimizing the mixing process of the traditional internal mixer
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