Enhancement of Glossiness Perception by Retinal-Image Motion: Additional Effect of Head-Yoked Motion Parallax

Yusuke Tani,Shigeki Nakauchi,Michiteru Kitazaki,Kowa Koida,Takehiro Nagai,Keisuke Araki,Daniel Osorio

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054549

Yusuke Tani, Shigeki Nakauchi + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054549

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Journal: PloS one	Publication Date: Jan 15, 2013
Citations: 55	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Toyohashi University of Technology

Abstract

It has been argued that when an observer moves, a contingent retinal-image motion of a stimulus would strengthen the perceived glossiness. This would be attributed to the veridical perception of three-dimensional structure by motion parallax. However, it has not been investigated whether the effect of motion parallax is more than that of retinal-image motion of the stimulus. Using a magnitude estimation method, we examine in this paper whether cross-modal coordination of the stimulus change and the observer's motion (i.e., motion parallax) is essential or the retinal-image motion alone is sufficient for enhancing the perceived glossiness. Our data show that a retinal-image motion simulating motion parallax without head motion strengthened the perceived glossiness but that its effect was weaker than that of motion parallax with head motion. These results suggest the existence of an additional effect of the cross-modal coordination between vision and proprioception on glossiness perception. That is, motion parallax enhances the perception of glossiness, in addition to retinal-image motions of specular surfaces.

Highlights

When light from the surface of an object registers on our retinae and stimulates the photoreceptors, we are able to see the object
The reflection spectrum can be approximated as the sum of the specular and diffuse components, and the perceived intensity of the specular component depends on the position of the light source relative to the surface, the intensity of the light, the characteristics of the surface, and the position of the observer
The specular component mainly contributes to the highlights, glossiness, and ambient reflection, while the diffuse component contributes to the color of the object because the spectrum of the diffuse component is influenced by the spectral characteristics of the surface

Summary

Introduction

When light from the surface of an object registers on our retinae and stimulates the photoreceptors, we are able to see the object. The reflection spectrum can be approximated as the sum of the specular and diffuse components (cf the dichromatic reflection model [2]), and the perceived intensity of the specular component depends on the position of the light source relative to the surface, the intensity of the light, the characteristics of the surface, and the position of the observer. The specular component mainly contributes to the highlights, glossiness, and ambient reflection, while the diffuse component contributes to the color of the object because the spectrum of the diffuse component is influenced by the spectral characteristics of the surface. The spectrum of the specular component is independent of the surface characteristics, and it is the same as that of the incident light (cf NIR assumption [3])

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Conclusion